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L'ukrainien s'écrit avec une version de l’alphabet cyrillique comportant 33 lettres comme le russe. Il ressemble à certains égards beaucoup aussi à l'alphabet grec. La difficulté est que certaines lettres n'ont pas la prononciation à laquelle on pourrait s'attendre en français.
Le tableau suivant présente les majuscules et leur équivalent orthographié selon les usages français
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! Majuscule || Minuscule || Nom || Prononciation<br />([[Alphabet phonétique international|API]]) || Prononciation<br />(français) || Translittération <br /> (norme [[w:ISO 9]]) || transcriptions <br />(français)
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:А|А]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | а || ''a'' || [a] || a || a || a
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Б|Б]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | б || ''be'' || [b] ~ {{APIb|[bʲ]}} || b || b || b
|-
| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:В|В]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | в || ''ve'' || [v] ~ {{APIb|[vʲ]}} || v || v || v
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Г|Г]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | г || ''ge'' || [g] ~ {{APIb|[gʲ]}} || gu dur || g || g
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Д|Д]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | д || ''de'' || [d] ~ {{APIb|[dʲ]}} || d || d || d
|-
| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Е|Е]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | е || ''je'' || {{APIb|[ʲɛ]}} || yé || e || e, ie, ye
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Ё|Ё]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | ё || ''jo'' || {{APIb|[ʲo]}} || yo || ë || ë, o, yo
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Ж|Ж]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | ж || ''že'' || {{APIb|[ʒ]}} || j || ž (ou zh)|| j
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:З|З]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | з || ''ze'' || [z] ~ {{APIb|[zʲ]}} || z || z || z
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:И|И]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | и || ''i'' || [i] || i dur || i || i
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Й|Й]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | й || ''i bref''<br /> <small>и краткое</small> || [j] || ï comme dans bonsaï || j || y
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:К|К]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | к || ''ka'' || [k] ~ {{APIb|[kʲ]}} || k || k || k
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Л|Л]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | л || ''el'' || {{APIb|[ɫ] ~ [ʎ]}} || l à prononcer la langue entre les dents. || l || l
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:М|М]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | м || ''em'' || {{APIb|[m] ~ [mʲ]}} || m || m || m
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Н|Н]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | н || ''en'' || {{APIb|[n] ~ [nʲ]}} || n || n || n
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:О|О]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | о || ''o'' || [o] || o fermé || o || o
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:П|П]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | п || ''pe'' || [p] ~ {{APIb|[pʲ]}} || p || p || p
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Р|Р]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | р || ''er'' || [r] ~ {{APIb|[rʲ]}} || r roulé || r || r
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:С|С]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | с || ''es'' || [s] ~ {{APIb|[sʲ]}} || s dur || s || s
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Т|Т]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | т || ''te'' || [t] ~ {{APIb|[tʲ]}} || t || t || t
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:У|У]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | у || ''u'' || [u] || ou || u || ou, u
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Ф|Ф]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | ф || ''ef'' || [f] ~ {{APIb|[fʲ]}} || f || f || f
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Х|Х]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | х || ''ha'' || [x] ~ {{APIb|[xʲ]}} || ''cʼh'' breton, ''ch'' allemand, ''kh'' arabe, ''j'' espagnol || h || h, kh, x
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Ц|Ц]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | ц || ''ce'' || {{APIb|[t͡s]}} || ts || c || ts
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Ч|Ч]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | ч || ''če'' || {{APIb|[t͡ʃʲ]}} || tch || č (ou ch) || tch
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Ш|Ш]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | ш || ''ša'' || {{APIb|[ʃ]}} || ch || š (ou sh) || ch
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Щ|Щ]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | щ || ''šča'' || {{APIb|[ʃʲt͡ʃʲ]}} || ch ''mouillé'' (chtch) || ŝ (ou shch) || chtch, shh
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Ъ|Ъ]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | ъ || ''signe dur'' <br /> <small>твёрдый знак</small> || - [palat.] || ''muet'' || " ||
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Ы|Ы]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | ы || y<br /><small>(''jery'', еры)</small> || {{APIb|[ɨ]}} || i tendu, comme le "oui" français sauf que le "ou" se prononce peu || y || y
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Ь|Ь]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | ь || ''signe mou''<br /> <small>мягкий знак</small> || + [palat.] || ''muet'' || ’ || '
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Э|Э]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | э || ''è renversé''<br /><small>э оборотное</small> || {{APIb|[ɛ]}} || è || è || e
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Ю|Ю]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | ю || ju || {{APIb|[ʲu]}} || iou || û || iou, ju, you, yu
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| align="center" style="font-size:large" | [[w:Я|Я]] || align="center" style="font-size:large" | я || ja || {{APIb|[ʲa]}} || ya || â || ia, ja, ya
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